Dye-stuffs for



UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE- HENRY w. VAUGHAN, or PROVIDENCE, RHo n ISLAND, ASSIGNOR To .JoHN w. SLATER AND HOWARD RIoHMoNo, or SAME PLACE.

METHODOF- PREPARINGDYESTIIFFS FOR APPLICATION TO FIBROUS MATERIALS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 272,499, dated February 20, 1 883.

Application filed J nly 17, 1882. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, HENRY W. VAUGHAN, of the city and county of Providence, and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful 1m provements in the Method of Preparing Dye-Stuffs for Application to Fibrous Material and I do hereby declare that the following specification is a full, true, and exact description thereof.

In previous Letters Patent granted to me, dated December 30, 1879, No. 223,019, there is described a method of coloring fibrous mate rial, consisting in mechanically incorporating into its fibers during the manufacturing processes avehicle powder charged with coloringmatter and an oleaginous constituent; and in the previous Letters Patent granted to me May 24, 1881', No. 242,080, there is describeda process of dyeing fibrous material, which consists in bringing into juxtaposition a dye-stuff and a mordant by mechanically incorporating the same,eitherseparatel yor togeth'er,into the fiber by the aid of a suitable vehicle powder and an olcaginous constituent, and afterward causing the mordant and the dye to unite mechanicallyto form at'ast color, reference to said'Letters Patent being had for a more full description of the processes therein described. In practically workin g the processes described in said patents it is generally necessary to make use of dye-stuffs which require to be diffused for dissolution in a considerable quantity of water, and afterward -it becomes necessary to dry the coloring agent before it can be mixed with the powder-vehicle and applied to the fibrous material. such coloring-matter is to be dissolved before In case, too, the mordant used with it can be used, the same operation must be gone through.

My present improvement consists in a method of preparingdyes which are not readily soluble in mass, but require to be widely distributed, in conjunction with suitable mordants for the same,so that when mixed with an earth or other suitable vehicle they can be applied in a finely-powdered condition to fibrous material, according to the processes described in my said former patents.

1 take a suitable quantity of dye-stuff, to which a proper quantity of mordant may be added,ifamordant be required to fix the color, and the proper proportion of oleaginous con .stitnent, audit is best to add a small quantity of earth or suitable pulverulent vehicle. The whole is to be thoroughly ground in a paintmill, or in other grinding-machine thatwill make the mixture homogeneous and uniform.

The pasty, Sirupy product thus obtained should then be incorporated into the proper quantity of pulverulent vehicle to bring the whole to a suitable condition for application to fibrous material for the purpose of superficially coloring the materialduringthe process of its manufacture, as described in my said former patcuts, and finally the material so colored is to be treated by any proper method for fixing the color or producing a chemical union between the mordant and the dye.

The advantages which are gained are. in case dye-stuffs are used which are not readily soluble in mass, that a dye and mordant may be brought into conjunction and yet notreact on each other until they have been widely dis tributed and subjected to the action of steam or moisture. Again, the labor of dissolving the dye-stuff or the mordant separately in a large quantity of water, and then drying the same, and afterward bringing them into conjunction in a dry state, is saved by thus thoroughly intermixing the dye-stuff and mordant amount of moisture as is insufficient to cause them to react upon each other.

A suitable formula, as an example, will be as follows Take of earth vehicle, one pound then of dye-stufl"fuchsine, for example-two ounces. Add four ounces of the oleagiuous ingredient-paraffine-oil, for example. Now add to the dye-stufl' and oil a sufficient amount of the vehicle first weighed out to make it of a substantially in a mass and with so little I proper consistency to grind. After grinding,

add the balance of the one pound of earth vehicle and thoroughly incorporate by means of a chaser or other suitable device. It a mordant-acetate of alumina, for example be required, it may be ground with the dyestnfi'; or one-half the amount of oleaginous ingredient required for the completed powder may be takenv and ground separately with a small portion of the vehicle, as mentioned in 2. The method, substantially as hereinbefore described, of preparing dyestufl" or dye-stuffs with a mordant for application in a finely-powdered condition, byfirst comminutingor grinding the coloringmatter and a mordant with an oleaginous constituent, and then incorporating therewith a pulverulent material, which renders the colored mass pulverulent and en ables it to he Worked in a finely-powdered condition, as set forth.

1 1. \v. VAUGHAN.

Witnesses:

J. G. B. Woons, I. KNIGHT. 

